Rosh Pediatrics Practice Exam

For a 9-month-old with cystic fibrosis, what type of diet is generally recommended?

1. High-carbohydrate, high-energy diet with water-soluble vitamin supplementation

2. High-fat, high-energy diet with fat-soluble vitamin supplementation

3. Low-carbohydrate, high-energy diet with water-soluble vitamin supplementation

4. Low-fat, high-energy diet with fat-soluble vitamin supplementation

The correct answer is: High-fat, high-energy diet with fat-soluble vitamin supplementation

The recommended diet for a 9-month-old with cystic fibrosis is typically a high-fat, high-energy diet with fat-soluble vitamin supplementation. This dietary approach is crucial for several reasons related to the management of cystic fibrosis. Children with cystic fibrosis have difficulty absorbing nutrients due to pancreatic insufficiency, which is common in this condition. The pancreas may not produce enough enzymes to digest food properly, leading to malabsorption of fats, proteins, and vitamins. A high-fat, high-energy diet helps to meet their caloric needs and compensates for the insufficient absorption of these calories due to their underlying condition. Furthermore, individuals with cystic fibrosis often lose fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) because of their malabsorption issues. Supplementation of these vitamins is important to prevent deficiencies, which can lead to various complications, such as impaired growth, bone health issues, and other systemic problems. This dietary management is vital for ensuring optimal growth and development in children with cystic fibrosis, allowing them to maintain an adequate nutritional status despite their illness.